Pavement.



R. s. BLOME & W. J. SINEK.

' PAVEMENT.

APPLICATION P11 4111) OG'LSO, 1903. q

- Patented Apr. 27, 1909.

RUDOLPH b. BLOME AND WILLIAM J. SINEK, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TO RUDOLPH 3. BLOME COMPANY, OF UI'IIOAGO, ILLINOIS, A (.OPARTNERSI-IIP.

PAVEMENT.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 27, 1909.

Application filed October 30, 1908. Serial No. 460,230.

asphalt, or similar compaiatively-expensive top layer or surlaoe and which will successfully wlthetand the modern rapid trailic, such as that of a utomolnles, which has demonstrated conclusi ely that the ordinary mucadam roadway deteriorates rapidly and. and in the. long run is UllOLOIlOHilCill to employ. \Ve aim to produce a pavement cone posed solely of concrete. Similar pavements having concrete t'oumlatious have heretofore required an expensive wearing surface, whereas in our COI-ISLIUQtiOlI, by a careful selection of ingredients and the quantities and sizes used, we are enabled to provide a pavement having a comparatively inexpensive surface of concretesuch as is suitable for countrv pikes and other l'ii hways or roadways uaving relatively lilit trailic. I

Our improved pavement preferably conaisle of iwo rate. or layers, the ingredients or constituents of the under one or foundation'bcing so cho eu that its upper portion will have suliicient voids ol the proper size and number to enable the top or wearing surface to become. securely aiu-l'ior d o locked thereto. particles in this up ier wearing}; stratum or layer we in -orp rale therein suliicientbroken alone or gravel or the like to prevent the sand particles from rolling tree. from or becon'iing detached from the surfacing. inless the;-;c sand particles are in some way prevented from readily bcoinning loosened they will when freed from the binding cement act as a. detrimental abradant to polish or amooth the pavements surface, th reby ronderiiur it slippery and dangerous.

A5 a result of our improved construction we are enabled {(1 provide a pavement composed solely ol mncreie, which is not noisy or slippery, which will satisfactorily with- In order to protect ihesandi ataud the action of the elements and the irallic over the same, and which will be practically tree. from a tendency to become dimly, other than that which must necessarily be present in any construction subjected to the nee and having the function of a pavement.

On the zu'companying drawing, forming a part of thi spccilical ion. we have illustrated a fragmentarysection oi our improved pavement, and on the draw ing the reference character 1 rc'l'era to a curbingof the usual and ordinary construction. it beinp understood that the pavement proper is laid between the pair oi curbings po.-:itioned along the side of the roadway. The foundation or lower stratum 2 ol' the pavement may in many cases be laid directly on the ground I and may pre'tcrably comprise a body substantially .3 in thickness and composed of one part of Portland cement aml eight parts of an aggregate consisting oi of what i known as 1-5 stone or gravel with all parli- (.ltS below size eliminated, l of 1" hard stone or gravel, and 115% of clean lorpcdo euud. This selection oi sizes of in gl'cdicutri i\' made necessary in order to pro duce a lllilHI'l which will have sullicicul voids or unoccupied spaccs to receive enough ol' the material constituting the top wearing surface or layer, hereinafter dencribed. lo sc cure a lirm union between the two, whereby the top surface is ell'cctivcly anchored to this foundation. The above-mentioned concrete is first put down and (hen compacted, hav ing in some instances a final thickness of ap- )roximalcly 5, this dimension of course. the pending; upon a variety of conditions and being variable to meet the especial conditions presented in ach case. ()n nus foundation or lower layer is superposed or placed a top wearing layer or surlacc composed of one part oi Portland cement, one part of coarse torpedo sand, and one part of a mass of hard particles or pieces such broken atone; gravel, conglomerate, hard slag, or similar hard substance (equal in quantity to the volume of sand). This mass consists desirably 0t 25% of size, 50% oi Q size, and 25% of 3 size, the ingredients having all finer or smaller particles eliminated, which may be accomplished if desired by the well-known method of screening. This top stratum when con'ipacied enters the voids oi the bottom occur, whereby the frost will not "cd definite v quantiiirs ol' ln'ukcn slonc. gravel, or the lilac, al ovc lllt'llllUIllHl. ai'ceiiiploywtl in this top l:; \'tl' to protect the sand mrticles'or graiiw l l'tlll! llio cl'l ev oi trarcl, sncli as tl'ic U hidingof the \vhcc and other l'riction. thcrclrv ovcrconiing thcir tendency to roll out of the layer and act as an abracling substance to grind or polish the su face smooth and rcndcrthe pavement objectionahly dusty and slippery. l lltlti' usual condition this top wearing la approxn ly paveinentbeir menmerod tl as special requirements dictate.

rcrtly on the mates when onnd, excepting; in cold cliclay or other heavy material, e \h" efiects of the. elements must be contendcd aith. under such conditions We provide a drain or foundation to prevent any detrimental :1 ion the cold weather likely to cause an king of the pai 'einent. is our improved pavement is con upheaval or is cnston'iary,

sh-noted with a croivnto carry away the llon' ot'ivater thereon and to keep the pavenicnt in sanitary and satisfactory condition, LlllS crown being desirablysimilar to that of the usual asphalt, brick, or other form it permanent pavement. The concrete is thoroughly'tamped into placo between formsand r e final or top surfacing is \vorltcd'with or wooden floats so that all n isles or svone nentioned above Will red. The r sultingpavement is one lit, (1.0V '-.lll('lr is not no: dusty, or slippery, and,

er may have a thickness of 1 the whole thickncss of tho about 6,but it is to be re- 1 this dimension may be varied consisting of 25% of 9} size, 50% of 'lhc pav neat can ordinarily be laid di- 1 underlying soil or ground is i i i l l l l 1 1 in such locations and i as stated, is not of excessive cost, durability and-other features and characteristics being takcn into account.

We claim:

l. A pavement having a lower concrete size, and 25% of.-}- size and having the "ner particles eliminated, substantially as described 3. In a pavement, the combination of a lower concrete stratum composed ofono part of Portland cement and eight parts of an a in -ate consist-in of 50% of What is b b ca known as 11g" stono or gravel with all particles below 3 size eliminated, 15% of 9; hard stone or gravel, and of clean torpedo sand, and a top Wearing stratum composed of one part of Portland cement, one part of coarse torpedo sand, and one part of a mass of hard particles or pieces, this mass consisting of 25% of l size, of 3- size,

and 25% of s size, and having the finer particles eliminated, substantially as -described. r RUDOLPH S. BLOME. I WV ILLIAM J. SINEK.

Vi itnesscs Bnnrnii lil.--ELLio'i"r, M. CROOK Goomvm. 

